Bhubaneswar, Apr 17: For decades, diabetes has been categorized into well-known types—Type 1 and Type 2. But a silent threat has lurked in the shadows, affecting millions of malnourished teens and young adults across Asia and Africa. Now, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) has officially recognized Type 5 Diabetes, a condition linked to chronic undernutrition.

Unlike Type 2 diabetes, which is often associated with obesity and insulin resistance, Type 5 diabetes stems from severe insulin deficiency caused by long-term nutrient deprivation. First documented in Jamaica in 1955, cases soon emerged in India, Pakistan, and sub-Saharan Africa. Yet, for decades, it was misdiagnosed or dismissed altogether.

8 Symptoms to Watch Out For

Type 5 diabetes is tricky, it doesn’t follow the usual playbook. Many affected individuals are lean, not overweight, making diagnosis even harder. Here are the key symptoms:

1. Constant fatigue – A persistent lack of energy, even after rest.

2. Unexplained weight loss – Failure to gain weight despite adequate food intake.

3. Stunted growth – Poor physical development in childhood and adolescence.

4. Frequent infections – A weakened immune system leading to recurring illnesses.

5. Excessive thirst – Increased fluid intake without relief.

6. Increased urination – Frequent trips to the bathroom, even at night.

7. Poor wound healing – Cuts and bruises take longer to heal.

8. Dark skin patches – Especially around the neck, indicating metabolic distress.

With an estimated 20 to 25 million people affected worldwide, the IDF has launched a Type 5 Diabetes Working Group to raise awareness and improve healthcare access. But the real challenge lies in early detection—many cases go unnoticed until severe complications arise.

For now, experts urge better nutrition programs, targeted screenings, and specialized treatment approaches to combat this overlooked epidemic. Because when diabetes is fueled by hunger, the solution isn’t just medicine, it’s food.

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